2/28/2023 0 Comments Gtr evolution highly compressed![]() These lipophilic toxins are produced by species of the dinoflagellate genus Gambierdiscus and are bioaccumulated in marine food webs. The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Ĭiguatera fish poisoning is the principal cause of non-bacterial illness associated with the consumption of fish contaminated with ciguatoxins. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE Editorial policies and criteria. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: Co-author S. L.), and United States National Science Foundation grant (EF-0629624 to S. L.) and the Natural Science Foundation of China grants (41129001, 41330959 to S. ![]() Lin.įunding: This research is supported by the Brazilian Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (grant numbers BJT 370646/2013-14 to F. Qiu, and the University of Connecticut, Groton, USA, on request to S. Lopes, available at the Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China, on request to D. The culture strain is also available at the Oceanographic Institute of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, on request to F. The strain will be available at Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, USA. The strain was deposited at the Culture Collection of Microalgae (CCVIEO) of the Instituto Español de Oceanografía in Vigo, Spain, under accession number VGO1185 and the microalgae culture collection of University of Xiamen, Xiamen, China, under accession number CCMA404. The culture strain is barcoded in GenBank by the following SSU 1–1699, D1–D–3450 rDNA, and ITS 1700–2138 sequences (#KM886379). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: The type material of the new dinoflagellate has deposited as SEM stub #410, Type Collection of Dinoflagellates, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Received: Accepted: JanuPublished: April 1, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Gómez et al. PLoS ONE 10(4):Īcademic Editor: Brett Neilan, University of New South Wales, AUSTRALIA ![]() nov., a New Genus for the Globular Species of the Dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus (Dinophyceae). nov.Ĭitation: Gómez F, Qiu D, Lopes RM, Lin S (2015) Fukuyoa paulensis gen. Fukuyoa contains the new species Fukuyoa paulensis gen. should be applied to the globular species, slightly laterally compressed, with long-shank fishhook apical pore plate, large 1' plate, greater and descending cingular displacement, and not pouch-like vertically-oriented sulcal morphology. ![]() Gambierdiscus sensu stricto should be reserved for the species with lenticular shapes, highly compressed anterioposteriorly, with short-shank fishhook apical pore plate, large 2' plate, low and ascending cingular displacement, and pouch-like sulcal morphology. The morphological and molecular data in concert support the split of Gambierdiscus sensu lato into two genera. The molecular phylogenies, which included new sequences of the planktonic species Goniodoma polyedricum, further indicated that the globular species of Gambierdiscus formed a tight clade, clearly separated (with strong bootstrap support) from the clade of lenticular species including the type for Gambierdiscus. ruetzleri group albeit with short distance. Accordingly, phylogenetic trees from small subunit (SSU) and large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA sequences also showed strongly supported separation of the new species from the G. ruetzleri by its broader first apical plate that occupies a larger portion of the epitheca. The new species can be distinguished from G. Here we report a third globular, epiphytic and tychoplanktonic species from the coasts of Ubatuba, Brazil. The genus currently contains species exhibiting either globular or anterior-posteriorly compressed morphologies with marked differences in cell shape and plate arrangement. The marine epiphytic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus is a toxicologically important genus responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning, the principal cause of non-bacterial illness associated with fish consumption. ![]()
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